Frontotemporal Dementia

NASDAQ: AVXL

Advancing groundbreaking therapies to tackle the challenges of neurodegenerative and rare conditions.

What is Frontotemporal Dementia?

Frontotemporal Dementia (FTD) is a group of neurodegenerative disorders that primarily affect the frontal and temporal lobes of the brain, leading to changes in behavior, personality, language, and movement. It is a major cause of dementia in individuals under the age of 65.

On a Deeper Level

Frontotemporal Dementia is a spectrum of conditions characterized by the progressive loss of neurons in the brain’s frontal and temporal regions. These areas are responsible for critical functions such as decision-making, emotional regulation, and language. Unlike Alzheimer’s Disease, which primarily affects memory, FTD manifests in changes in behavior, personality, and communication. FTD includes several subtypes, such as behavioral variant FTD (bvFTD), primary progressive aphasia (PPA), and movement disorders like corticobasal syndrome and progressive supranuclear palsy. While the exact cause of FTD remains unclear, genetic mutations, including those in the MAPT, GRN, and C9orf72 genes, are known to play a role in many cases. Early diagnosis and tailored support are essential to managing the condition and improving quality of life.

Signs & Symptoms

The symptoms of Frontotemporal Dementia vary based on the affected brain regions but typically include:

Behavioral changes: Impulsivity, apathy, socially inappropriate actions, and reduced empathy.
Language difficulties: Trouble finding words, understanding speech, or forming sentences (aphasia).
Movement problems: Stiffness, tremors, or difficulty with coordination.
Emotional changes: Blunted emotions, poor judgment, or mood swings.

These symptoms can profoundly impact daily living, relationships, and an individual’s ability to work.

How many are affected by this condition?

Prevalence

FTD is the second most common cause of dementia in individuals under 65, accounting for 10-20% of all dementia cases in this age group. It is estimated to affect around 50,000 to 60,000 people in the United States, with similar rates worldwide. The onset typically occurs between the ages of 45 and 65, making it a significant concern for younger adults.

Insights and Data

FTD accounts for approximately 10-20% of all dementia cases in individuals under 65 (FTD Disorders Registry, 2024).
Around 40% of FTD cases have a genetic component, with mutations in the MAPT, GRN, or C9orf72 genes being the most common causes (National Institute on Aging, 2024).
Early diagnosis and support can significantly improve the management of symptoms and overall patient care.

Our Approach

Anavex’s approach to treating Frontotemporal Dementia focuses on addressing the biological processes that contribute to neuronal degeneration. By activating SIGMAR1, our therapies aim to protect brain cells, enhance communication between neurons, and mitigate the behavioral and cognitive challenges associated with FTD. This targeted approach represents a significant step toward slowing disease progression and improving the lives of patients and their families.

Clinical Progress

Anavex’s therapeutic candidate, ANAVEX®2-73 (blarcamesine), is being evaluated for its potential to address the symptoms of Frontotemporal Dementia. By targeting the sigma-1 receptor (SIGMAR1), ANAVEX®2-73 aims to restore cellular balance, reduce neuroinflammation, and enhance neuronal health. Ongoing clinical trials are exploring the efficacy of this approach, with promising early results offering hope for future breakthroughs.

PRECLINICAL

PHASE 1

PHASE 2

PHASE 3

ANAVEX® 3-71 (AF710B) ⭐️

Currently in preclinical evaluation for neurodegenerative conditions.

Learn more

ANAVEX® 3-71-001

NASDAQ: AVXL